The Senate ratifies a modified version of the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, in which the British government agrees to an American canal with the conditions that it be neutral and unfortified. This treaty abrogates the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of Virgin Islands , allowing Congress simply to appropriate funds to carry out the transfer.
This transfer did not occur until The amendment allows American intervention in Cuban domestic affairs to preserve the sovereignty of the island nation against threats from other foreign powers. William McKinley is inaugurated as President for a second term, with Theodore Roosevelt sworn in as vice president. North Carolina's George H. White leaves Congress, the last black member to serve for more than twenty-five years. Once in U. The Philippine independence movement began in as Filipinos revolted against Spanish rule.
Both sides agreed to a truce in December , with Aguinaldo going into exile in Hong Kong. During the Spanish-American War, U. Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence on June 12, , naming himself President of the Philippine Republic after Spanish forces surrendered to the Americans that August in Manila. Although the United States acquired the Philippines from Spain through the Treaty of Paris, Aguinaldo continued his fight for independence.
McKinley and his advisers believed incorrectly that only a minority of Filipinos supported the independence movement; the Americans set up the trappings of development, including schools, sanitation, and local government, to woo the majority of Filipinos to accept American rule. As fighting subsided during the islands' rainy season in the spring, McKinley offered the rebels a governance plan that included an elected Filipino advisory council to aid American administrators.
Filipino nationalists rejected the American plan in May General Elwell Otis led American troops into combat in the fall of and routed the Filipino army by November. Filipino forces regrouped using guerrilla tactics, and American forces aggressively pursued their destruction in the bitter fighting that followed.
Throughout , anti-imperialist Americans criticized McKinley's annexation of the islands and prosecution of the war as anathema to the democratic traditions of the United States. McKinley held firm, however, since putting down the rebellion went hand-in-hand with the establishment of a paternalist American presence on the archipelago. The United States secured its control over the Philippines by During President McKinley's tenure, the United States fought and won a war with a European power and acquired overseas territories.
In short, the United States emerged on the world stage in new and unprecedented ways. The rebellion in the Philippines ends by proclamation. Sporadic fighting continues for another year before American military forces fully secure the islands. The expansion of our trade and commerce is the pressing problem. Czolgosz, an anarchist, admitted to the shooting, and he expressed no remorse for his actions.
He died in the electric chair on October 29, President McKinley dies from his wounds as the result of complications due to gangrene, and Vice President Theodore Roosevelt takes the oath of office to become the twenty-sixth President of the United States. He had served only six months of his second presidential term before his death. On September 5, McKinley delivered a speech to a crowd of nearly 50, on his policy goals for his second term; his particular focus was on the promotion of American foreign trade.
The next afternoon, the President attended a public reception at the Exposition's Temple of Music, accompanied by three secret service bodyguards. Despite pleas from his secretary that security was inadequate for such a setting, McKinley entered the hall at four o'clock and began greeting festival patrons. Minutes later, Leon Czolgosz, a Polish-American anarchist, fired two shots at the President from close range as McKinley reached to shake the man's hand.
One bullet lodged in McKinley's stomach while the other ricocheted off a button. As the crowd pounced on Czolgosz, McKinley pleaded that they not harm him. Czolgosz later confessed to shooting the President and was executed in October President McKinley was taken away to a hospital in Buffalo where doctors failed to find the bullet in his abdomen. His wound became infected and developed gangrene, and his condition worsened over the course of the next week.
McKinley died early in the morning of September 14, and that afternoon Vice President Theodore Roosevelt arrived in Buffalo to take the presidential oath of office.
The nation entered a month of mourning following McKinley's funeral in Canton on September The former President was warmly remembered at the time of his death, with his hometown erecting a monument to him in McKinley was the first President since James Garfield to be assassinated and, like Garfield, his legacy faded from public memory-all the more quickly, in fact, since he was succeeded by the ebullient, reform-minded Theodore Roosevelt.
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How do I update a page? The governors' biographies available on the NGA website provide summary biographical information only and are edited infrequently. Source Sobel, Robert, and John Raimo, eds.
Biographical Directory of the U. Recent Ohio Governors. Nancy P. Hollister December 31, - January 11, Learn More. George V. Voinovich January 14, - December 31, Learn More. The model revealed plans to replace the crowded working spaces with new offices, public and entertaining spaces, and press rooms by constructing massive, flanking two-story cylindrical wings with domes and lanterns patterned after those at the Library of Congress.
Bingham set up his model in the East Room and, after the president viewed the display and greeted the guests, rose to present a history of the White House that evolved into a sales pitch for the expansion. Roundly criticized by the architectural profession, the project stalled and after President McKinley's assassination awaited a new chief executive's decision. According to William H. Crook, a member of the White House staff since the days of Lincoln, two traits defined McKinley as a president and a husband: his "unswerving devotion to his country, and unceasing devotion to his wife.
Fatherly and conservative, he endorsed American values, family, and honor. McKinley usually relaxed by smoking cigars in private, playing cards with his wife, and answering letters with his secretary George B.
His portraits, often posed with the first lady, reflect a proud man and a doting husband. Celebrating her fiftieth birthday just three months after moving into the White House, First Lady Ida Saxton McKinley was not old, even though contemporaries described her as gaunt and aged beyond her years.
Her sad demeanor was thought to be a reflection of a broken heart caused by the deaths of two young daughters, compounded by her own struggles with epilepsy and depression. Considered by the White House staff to be an invalid, the first lady often kept to her rooms—the large second floor bedchamber and adjoining dressing room on the northwest.
Here she would occasionally receive callers and occupied her time knitting slippers and other woolens for ladies and children, all of which were given to friends or auctioned for charitable causes. Christmas celebrations at the White House during the McKinley years were quiet gatherings that usually centered around a turkey dinner with the president's brother, Abner, and his wife Anna, and on occasion with favorite nieces, Grace McKinley and Sarah Duncan.
There was little merry-making because of the absence of young children and Mrs. McKinley's poor health. The McKinleys, admired and popular with the American people, received a stream of parcels, gift baskets, and flowers every Christmas. Once the gifts were unloaded from the wagons rolling up to the North Door of the White House, the president's secretary, George Courtelyou, had them unwrapped. Useful gifts were distributed to the staff. Gifts of liquor or of great intrinsic value were returned immediately and perishables were dumped.
The White House staff always received personal gifts from the first lady and plump turkeys were distributed to the married men. On Christmas day the president's schedule usually allowed him more time with his wife and they would enjoy a carriage drive through the city parks where they could be alone together out in the crisp winter air. Morgan, H. Phillips, Kevin and Scheslinger, Arthur M.
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